Reverse tethering (How to make your Laptop as Wifi Hotspot)
Author: Ravi
•9:10 PM


THE NEED
I am having broadband connection via cable(without any modem) in my laptop. I was about to purchase a wifi modem so as to connect my mobile phone and laptop both to it. But while browsing Web I came to know about  reverse tethering i.e. to make your laptop a wifi modem so that you can connect other wifi devices directly to it. Thus eliminating the need to buy coastly wireless modems any more. I have tried and tested it succesfully. Give it a try if you are in same condition as I was. 


INTRODUCTION
All Windows 7 machines can become a wifi access-point, routing the connections over Ethernet or even over a client station connection on the same wifi adapter. Instructions for doing this are below.


HOW IT WORKS
Windows 7 can create "virtual" wifi adapters based on the real adapters, with a unique MAC address and everything. This is similar to VAPs on Linux, which allows you to create one virtual adapter for logging onto an access-point, and another for running a soft-ap. The difference with Windows 7 is that it creates only a single virtual adapter for "hosted" mode -- no matter how many actual adapters you have in the system. It's called "Microsoft Virtual WiFi Miniport Adapter", with the same MAC address decremented by one.

Making it work is simply a matter of (1) configuring the SSID and WPA password, (2) configuring Internet Connection Sharing to bridge it with the network, and (3) turning it on.

WHY IT WORKS
Microsoft wants you to be able to transfer music/video from your computer to your wifi printer or windows phone easily. This makes it easier.

INSTRUCTIONS
STEP 0: Open a command-prompt with administrator privileges.

Click on Start menu, All Programs, Accessories, right-click on Command Prompt, select "Run as administrator"). Type in:

STEP 1: Configure the "hosted" interface:

netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid=Test key=letmein9

This example creates an access-point with an SSID of "Test", with a WPA password of "letmein9".

STEP 2: Configure Internet Connection Sharing (ICS)

Open up the networking control panel. Select the interface that currently has Internet connection (like your Ethernet or normal wifi), enable "Sharing", and then select the special "hosted" interface.

STEP 3: Start it

netsh wlan start hostednetwork

On your other devices (say, Android phone), connect to "Test" and give the WPA password of "letmein9".





STEP 4: Enjoy
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Understanding Mobile related terms
Author: Ravi
•7:30 AM

Confused about mobile related terms like CDMA,PTT,GSM,SI,EDGE etc.. 
  • Global System for Mobile Communications
This is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. GSM service is used by over 6 billion people across more than 200 countries. The GSM standard makes international roaming pretty common between mobile phone service providers, enabling all their subscribers to use their cell phones in different parts of the world.
  • Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
CDMA is a form of multiplexing and a method of multiple access that does not divide up the channel by time, or frequency, but instead encodes data with a special code associated with each channel and uses the constructive interference properties of the special codes which can perform the multiplexing. CDMA also refers to digital cellular telephony systems that use this multiple access scheme. CDMA phones usually do not need a SIM card.
  • General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
GPRS is a mobile data service available to subscribers of GSM mobile phones. GPRS data transfer is mostly charged per kilobyte (KB) of transferred data to and from the cell phone. GPRS is utilized for services such as Internet and MMS. In the future, it is still anticipated that low cost voice over IP will be made available in mobile phones.
  • Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
SIM is a removable smart card that is used in the cell phone and was available in two standard sizes. Initially it was the size of a credit card, while its more popular and widely used mini version has a width of 25 mm.This has been adopted by most cell phone manufacturers. The SIM card securely stores a key code which identifies a mobile phone to its service provider.
  • Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE)
EDGE is an enhancement to the GSM networks which makes use of theTDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) frame structure, logic channel and 200 KHz carrier bandwidth. EDGE is not only capable of providing three times the data capacity of GPRS but also has improved data transmission reliability. EDGE is employed for advanced mobile services that require high data transmission rate such as downloading of audio and video clips, high speed and quality Internet access etc, EDGE is classified as a 2.75G network technology.
  • Push-to-Talk (PTT)
PTT also known as Press-to-Transmit, is a method of conversing on half-duplex communication lines by making use of a momentary button to switch from voice reception mode to transmission mode. Some mobile operators offer the PPT service on mobile phones; it allows voice signals to be transmitted from one user to another on the system without the need of an established existing connection.
  • 3G- 3rd Generation Technology
3G (or 3-G) is short for third-generation technology. It is used in the context of mobile phone standards. The services associated with 3G provide the ability to transfer simultaneously both voice data (a telephone call) and non-voice data (such as downloading information, exchanging email, and instant messaging). In marketing 3G services, video telephony has often been used as the killer application for 3G.

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